ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Emergencies/nursing , Socioeconomic Factors , Pandemics , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusABSTRACT
Las estrategias, los programas y las acciones en salud han sido históricamente el resultado de prácticas institucionales con un componente participativo limitado. La acción institucional ha venido determinada sobre todo por el criterio de actores políticos y, en el mejor de los casos, por el criterio de profesionales de la salud. Nuevas formas de gobernanza para la equidad en salud abogan por la inclusión de la comunidad en el diseño de estrategias, programas y actividades en salud. Por ello, una preocupación creciente en el campo de la participación en salud es la medición de la calidad participativa de los nuevos diseños de prácticas institucionales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar una propuesta operativa para diseñar, medir o describir el alcance en términos participativos de los procesos de planificación en salud. La propuesta elabora seis dimensiones para la medición y la evaluación del proceso participativo: inclusividad, flujo de información, calidad deliberativa, toma de decisiones, compromiso institucional y empoderamiento comunitario. (AU)
Health strategies, programs and activities have historically been the result of institutional practices with a limited participatory component. Traditionally, institutional action is mainly determined by the criteria of the political actors and, in the best of cases, by the criteria of healthcare professionals. New forms of governance for health equity advocate for the inclusion of the community in the design of strategies, programmes and activities in health. For this reason, a growing concern in the field of participation in health is the measurement of the participatory quality of new designs of institutional practices. This article aims to develop an operational proposal to design, measure or describe the scope in participatory terms of the health planning processes. The proposal elaborates six dimensions for the measurement and assessment of participatory process: inclusivity, information flow, deliberative quality, decision making, institutional commitment and community empowerment. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Institutional Practice , Health Planning , Social Participation , Public Health , Decision Making , PublicationsABSTRACT
AIMS: To analyze the temporal and geographical distribution of different indicators for the evolution of intimate partner violence against women (IPV) before, during and after the COVID-19 induced lockdown between March and June 2020 in Spain. METHODS: Descriptive ecological study based on numbers of 016-calls, policy reports, women killed, and protection orders (PO) issued due to IPV across Spain as a whole and by province (2015-2020). We calculated quarterly rates for each indicator. A cluster analysis was performed using 016-call rates and protection orders by province in the second quarters of 2019 and 2020. ANOVAs were calculated for clustering by province, unemployment rates by province, and the current IPV prevalence. RESULTS: During the second quarter of 2020, the highest 016-call rate was recorded (12.19 per 10,000 women aged 15 or over). Policy report rates (16.62), POs (2.81), and fatalities (0.19 per 1,000,000 women aged 15 or over) decreased in the second quarter of 2020. In the third quarter, 016-calls decreased, and policy reports and POs increased. Four clusters were identified, and significant differences in unemployment rates between clusters were observed (F = 3.05, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 lockdown fostered a change in IPV-affected women's help-seeking behavior. Differences between the volume of contacts made via 016-call and the policy reports generated provide evidence for the existence of barriers to IPV-service access during the lockdown and the period of remote working. More efforts are needed to reorganize services to cope with IPV in non-presential situations. The provinces with the highest 016-call and PO rates were also those with the highest rates of unemployment, a worrying result given the current socioeconomic crisis.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Intimate Partner Violence , Adolescent , Communicable Disease Control , Female , Humans , SARS-CoV-2 , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Aim: To present a protocol study directed at tackling gender discrimination against Roma girls by empowering their mattering so they can envision their own futures and choose motherhood only if-and when-they are ready. Background: Motherhood among Roma girls (RGM) in Europe impoverishes their lives, puts them at risk of poor physical and mental health and precipitates school dropouts. Overwhelming evidence affirms that the conditions of poverty and the social exclusionary processes they suffer have a very important explanatory weight in their sexual and reproductive decisions. Methods: Through a Community-based Participatory Action Research design, 20-25 Roma girls will be recruited in each one of the four impoverished communities in Bulgaria, Romania and Spain. Data collection and analysis: Desk review about scientific evidences and policies will be carried out to frame the problem. Narratives of Roma women as well as baseline and end line interviews of girl participants will be collected through both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Quantitative data will be gathered through reliable scales of mattering, socio-political agency, satisfaction with life and self. A narrative analysis of the qualitative information generated in the interviews will be carried out. Expected results: (1) uncover contextual and psychosocial patterns of girl-motherhood among Roma women; (2) build critical thinking among Roma girls to actively participate in all decisions affecting them and advocate for their own gender rights within their communities; and (3) empower Roma girls and their significant adults to critically evaluate their own initiatives and provide feedback to their relevant stakeholders. Conclusions: Roma girls will improve their educational aspirations and achievements and their social status while respecting and enhancing Roma values.
